Pericles was the leading statesman of Athens for forty years, outlining their highest point of power and glory achieved. He wiped the last traces of aristocratic institutions, which more and more lost one after another since the reforms of Solon. It was Pericles' Athens, the same time in a higher realm status. The maritime allies, they voted for their leader in the war against Persia had been gradually reduced to the position of the subjects.

Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great (Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας, Aléxandros o Mégasiii), was a tGreek king of Macedon, a state in northern ancient Greece. Born in Pella in 356 BC, Alexander was tutored by Aristotle until the age of 16. By the age of thirty, he had created one of the largest empires of the ancient world, stretching from the Ionian Sea to the Himalayas. He was undefeated in battle and is considered one of history's most successful commanders.